Character Analysis of the Lottery Essay - 698 Words

The lottery is usually associated with beating the odds and winning something extravagant. In Shirley Jackson’s short story â€Å"The Lottery†, the reader is led to believe the story is about something cheerful and happy given the setting of a warm summer day and children out of school for the summer. Jackson turns winning the lottery into a bad thing. Of 300 villagers Tessie Hutchinson shows up late, claiming she forgot about the annual lottery drawing, but seems very excited to have made it on time. When Tessie was in no danger she is gossiping with neighbors and encourages her husband to draw for the winner. Jackson curiously builds up the character of Tessie so that it seems she is blinded by tradition until she becomes a victim of it†¦show more content†¦She uses Mr. Summers as a scapegoat and shouts â€Å"`You didn’t give him enough time to take any paper he wanted. I saw you. It wasn’t fair ‘† (Jackson 208). Throughout the draw ing of the names, Tessie seemed to be fine with the fact that someone was going to die until it the realization set in that it may be her. Before a drawing is held to decide who wins, Tessie tries to make Mr. Summers include her daughter, â€Å"`There’s Don and Eva, make them take their chance!’† (Jackson 209). This shows how ruthless and careless Tessie is. She knows that her daughter was already entered in the drawing under her husband’s name. Having her daughter enter would only give her more of a chance to live. After Tessie is chosen as the winner she demands that the drawing was done unfairly and that her husband was rushed. What’s ironic about that is she is the one who rushed Bill to draw. Jackson uses the hypocrisy of Tessie’s actions to show this. Tessie’s victimization at the hands of the towns people allows her to be a semi-symbolic character, which will lose her life due to a cruel death by stoning. They did this all for the sake that there may be a fruitful crop for the coming harvest season. Surprisingly, even Tessie’s closest friend was mentioned as finding a stone so big that she had to lift it with both hands. Mrs. Hutchison was tardy to the biggest event of the year. She desperately hoped that sheShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery Character Analysis1525 Words   |  7 PagesShirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† is a story that ventures among years of traditional values that a small community is continuing to keep alive, through a yearly event in order to ensure a good harvest. This yearly event that became a tradition where it involves everyone in the small town to participate has become known to them as â€Å"The Lottery.† Though their lottery winner did not receive any money or reward, t hey instead are chosen as the yearly â€Å"sacrifice† to ensure successful crops. Even thoughRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of The Lottery754 Words   |  4 PagesIn the story, the library, many of the characters did not speak as much, however, their actions showed what was approaching. The villagers follow a tradition that happens every year which ends up being a tragedy. Unfortunately, each of the main characters in the story showed a representation on how they naturally behave when the lottery approaches. As long as they have been living in the village they are all accustomed to the tradition, however, they do not realize the evil they are causing towardsRead MoreThe Lottery Character Analysis Essay708 Words   |  3 PagesThe Lottery Character Analysis â€Å"Justice is doing for others what we would want done for ourselves,† -Gary Haugen. Gary Haugen is trying to say that seeking justice for others is important because that is what people would want done for themselves. In Jackson Shirley’s short story â€Å"The Lottery†, the main character, Tessie Hutchinson, must bring justice to her community. Tessie must try to get her village to realize that their annual lottery is not just. Tessie believes this is not just because theyRead MoreCharacter Analysis : The Winner Of The Lottery 925 Words   |  4 PagesCharacter Role in Story Character Traits-use details from the characterization list Evidence from text-quote and page number Tessie Hutchinson The â€Å"winner† of the Lottery. Tessie is a free spirit because she is the only villager to protest about the lottery. It isn t fair, it isn t right, Mrs. Hutchinson screamed, and then they were upon her.(7) Old Man Warner The oldest man in the village who has participated 77 lotteries. He believes that the lottery will make society stable and towns thatRead MoreUse of Symbols in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson981 Words   |  4 Pagesstrive to do what’s right, and to show our strength against our greatest rivals. In the short story â€Å"The Lottery† there was a village that practice an ancient sacrificial killing for something in return from the gods. In this case, what the villagers received in return were well grown crops for food. The whole village would gather up once a year to have a traditional sacrifice they called The Lottery. The villagers would have their kids choose out stones for the village. Once they are all together withRead Moreâ€Å"the Lottery† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† Essay881 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† Regardless of the type of society people live in controversial topics and cowardly individuals can create conflict. The stories â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemingway implement this concept. â€Å"The Lottery† is about a small town that holds an annual lottery in which the winner will be killed. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† is the story of a couple’s discussion over the decision they must make of whether orRead MoreAnalysis Of The Rocking Horse Winner And The Lottery772 Words   |  4 PagesAn Analysis exploring the irony in â€Å"The â€Å"Rocking-Horse Winner† and â€Å"The â€Å"Lottery† Often times an author will use irony as a literally technique to throw a twist in his story, whereby allowing the outcome of it to be completely different from what the reader expected. In D.H. Lawrence’s â€Å"The Rocking-Horse Winner† and Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery,† Mrs. Hutchinson and Paul, despite their motivation, are victims of misguided reasoning, resulting in the irony of each character’s demise. In fact, eachRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Winning the Lottery Essay847 Words   |  4 Pageslife, people have a tendency to ruin a good thing while it’s going. People become overwhelmed with the joy and fulfillment and begin to react irresponsible. For instance, a great thing such as winning can result into something horrible. Winning the lottery not only can bring happiness into someone’s life, but as well cause their life to be a complete nightmare. When a person goes from being considerably poor to having millions of dollars, it impacts their lives to a great extent by causing them to becomeRead MoreUse of Symbolism in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson1146 Words   |  5 Pagesbulb represents ideas that just sparked into a character’s head. In the short story, â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, a village has just entered the month of June, meaning that the lottery is to begin. When everyone was present, the heads of the households’ names were called one by one to pick up a slip of paper. It was then discovered that the Hutchinson family was the chosen family to participate in the lottery again. When Mr. Hutchinson, Mrs. Hutchinson, Bill Jr., Nancy, and Little Dave each gotRead MoreUse of Symbolism in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson954 Words   |  4 Pagesinterpreted in a different way. The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a short story that shows symbolism, to give hints about the story in all the characters and objects in the story. This Short story takes place in the summer where a small town has a lottery every year round. The person that wins the lottery has a huge impact on the town and the crops that grow in it. Old man Warner is the oldest in the town and has been in more than seventy lotteries he likes to go by tradition and doesn’t

Student - 757 Words

Reality TV 1. The text †When Reality TV Gets Too Real† is written by Jeremy W. Peters in 2007. The text is about whether there should be a limit for how far you could go, when they were making reality TV, to get viewers. Jeremy W. Peters starts telling that, in a recent episode of Intervention, Aamp;E’s documentary series about addiction, Pam an alcoholic, is driving drunk, and no one from the camera crew did anything. Every year they are pushing the boundaries for what you can show in reality TV, even though it sometimes ends up in lawsuits. Sam Mettler, Intervention’s creator says that it is not easy to film reality TV. Sometimes he has had to step forward and stop someone from driving drunk, or even kill themselves. In the end he†¦show more content†¦Some would say that it actually is our own fault that television is becoming what it is. People in reality shows have to be thrown out in wilder and more dangerous tasks each year, and the stupid and naà ¯ve girl has to be replaced with a girl who is more stupid and more naà ¯ve. Otherwise we find it boring after a while. There need to be something outrageous there will blow our minds away, but it still cannot cross the line so the viewers is offend about it. If that happens the viewers will turn against the TV shows, and what before exited the viewers, now offended them. 4. Why do we love reality TV so much? Reality TV appears still more often in the TV. But what is it that is so fascinating, and makes us see it time after time? Entertain us in a way other TV-shows not have done before. It is a way for us to see normal people living their life not very different than our own life. But the different is that these guys in reality TV do things out of the ordinary. These things can excite us, make us embarrassed of them, or feel compassion for them, and this makes us turn on the TV and follow them in their everyday life. What makes it further more exiting, is that the contestants could be our neighbor or other people that we know, and this makes us feel closer to the show, because the contestants isShow MoreRelatedThe Cohort Of Student Students1421 Words   |  6 Pagesdecades. All through China, students start in a school are place into classes and they reside in those classes in the company of each other for the whole time in that school except higher tests, which allow them to shift to a more superior group. It is understood in the Chinese structure that this grouping of students will deal with all of their subjects mutually. While in America, these types of student groups do not exist into classes. Instead, the thirty students that are together for Math classRead MoreStudent Leadership And The Student Association For Chinese University Students1468 Words   |  6 PagesStudents attending universities, with the emphasis switching from only focusing on academic experience to combining academic and social performance together. This study is an investigation of the GPA, family background and demographic predictors of being leaders in the student association for Chinese university students in elite universities. Questionnaires data were collected from 1661 students in four elite universities in 2013 to 2015. The GPA was identified as the most significant predictor ofRead MoreStudent Loan System For College Students1212 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Loan System Throughout the ages, society has evolved to overcome the challenges it faces from one generation to the next, by learning and advancing further than the previous ones. It has undergone a vast number of changes; however, mankind has never undermined the importance and necessity of a complex and well-educated society. Moreover, it is the duty of each one of us to make sure that the next generation takes a step further than the previous one. With this in mind, society has understoodRead MoreStudent Loan System For College Students1212 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Loan System Throughout the ages, society has evolved to overcome the challenges it faces from one generation to the next, by learning and advancing further than the previous ones. It has undergone a vast number of changes; however, mankind has never undermined the importance and necessity of a complex and well-educated society. Moreover, it is the duty of each one of us to make sure that the next generation takes a step further than the previous one. With this in mind, society has understoodRead MoreHelping Other Students On Young Students918 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper is an attempt to assist other students on how to become successful in college. There is a lot of pressure in college and course topics may seem difficult to understand or retain but there is always assistance in your college. The first topic I would like to cover is stress. Here is something to keep in mind if stress occurs. Did you know that stress could make you lose your short term and a long-term memory? Well it ca n. Therefore, in order to think clearly, to learn while in classRead MoreStress Student959 Words   |  4 Pagesinformative speech Purpose:   To inform the audience about student stress.   Thesis:   Today I will discuss about sources and effects of student stress and efficient ways to manage this emotional and physical strain. Organizational Pattern:   I. Introduction    A. Attention Getter   According to the Student Living Report 2002, an ongoing survey of student experiences carried out by MORI for the UNITE Group, more than half of students (53%) said they had become more stressed since startingRead MoreStudent Loans449 Words   |  2 PagesStudent Loans The federal government has the power to cutback the funding of student loans. There are several different ways the government can go about doing this. One way is to keep the amount of each loan the same and reduce the number of loans granted. Another option the government has is to reduce the amount of each loan and issue the same number as in the past. Either way, students that belong to a low-income family will be greatly affected. Cutbacks in the funding of student loansRead MoreInternational Students And The International Student951 Words   |  4 Pagesthought been an international student? If not you need to be well prepared to know about their issues and problems during their study life. International students who are seeking for the best education have specific needs and services. Every international institution or university must be aware of the international students requirements such as information about the city, the housing and the fees. There are many authentica ted surveys have shown that the major student enrollment to the united sateRead MoreEffectiveness Of Peer Support And Student Engagement On Student Success1406 Words   |  6 PagesExamining Student Success: The effectiveness of Peer support and Student Engagement on Student Success The use of peer-leader instructional learning (PIL), has been shown to be positively correlated with improving student self-efficacy, learning, grades, and confidence in past research (Hughes, 2011). However, most of this research has been carried out in Science, Technology Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) courses (e.g. upper level physics courses) (Murray, 2011). More research is needed in orderRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Asian Students And United States Students985 Words   |  4 Pageswith a student’ education. There are so many uses for technology that can show beneficial for both Asian students and United States students. Throughout the United States there is a wide variety of technology available for teachers. Mathematics Analysis Software, like scientific calculators, function graphers, and geometry packages are made available for students. Since the 1990’s a change in mathematics education has taken place because of the implementation of new ways to hel p students understand

External Factors and the Real Estate Free Essays

Assignment 1. 3 External Factors and the Real Estate Industry By Karen Chapman 11 November 2012 Assignment 1. 3 Index: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on External Factors and the Real Estate or any similar topic only for you Order Now The demographic environment: 1. 1Cultural diversity trends and developmentsPage 3 1. 2Demographics of own area, vs. national demographics and trendsPage 3 2. The economic environment: 2. 1 The current economic environmentPage 3 2. 2 Socio-economic factorsPage 4 3. The political environmentPage 4 4. The technological environmentPage 5 5. The competitive environmentPage 5 6. The legal environment: 6. 1 Regulations pertaining to property ownershipPage 5 . 2 Regulations pertaining to land use controlsPage 6 6. 3 Other rules and regulationsPage 6 ConclusionPage 6 ReferencesPage 6 Assignment 1. 3 Introduction: The real estate industry is hugely affected by external factors, which have the effect of either having a positive or negative impact on us as real estate agents. When the economy is good houses sell and buyers are able to qualify for bonds. When the economy is in a downturn then houses stay on the market for a lot longer. Buyers are more reluctant to take the plunge and buy propert y. Repossessions increase and banks often become more reluctant to grant bonds. 1. The demographic environment 1. 1Prior to the repealing of the Group Areas Act the residential housing market was segmented by race. Each race group was legally only allowed to stay in certain areas and neighbourhoods. After the repealing of the Group Areas Act and the democratisation of South Africa after our first free and fair elections for all races in 1994, different race groups and ethnicities started living together in the same neighbourhoods for the first time. With South Africa being welcomed back into the international community we also now have more clients from around the world. This has also resulted in a major paradigm shift for estate agents – from serving one race group previously we are now dealing with clients from every race and ethnicity from both South Africa and around the world. To be successful and effective, estate agents have had to learn to be sensitive to, and understand, different cultures and their customs. Buyers and sellers have also had to learn to be more tolerant towards the different cultures and norms of their neighbours. 1. 2The demographics of my â€Å"farm area† are representative of the national urban demographics and trends. 2. The economic environment 2. 1 The world economic crisis has also negatively impacted on the South African economy and this had had a direct negative impact on our housing market. Due to cut backs and layoffs many homeowners are finding it difficult to meet their bond commitments and as a result many homes are being repossessed by the banks. Buyers are also experiencing difficulties in obtaining bonds from banks one of the main reasons being that South African banks appear to fear further repercussions from the global credit crisis and continued job losses (up to 400 000 before the year end) House prices have continued to fall. Absa’s senior property analyst Jacques du Toit said house prices dropped further in nominal terms in June, by 4,4% year-on- Assignment 1. 3 year, while in real terms, prices were down by 11,1% year-on-year in May. But the residential market is expected to improve early in 2013 Mortgage stress has increased from 55 000 in the second quarter of 2011 to 155,000 in the second quarter of 2012. Severe mortgage stress, where bondholders are over 4 months in arrears, has almost doubled in a year and increased sharply in June to over 72 000 home owners from 55 000 in the first quarter. Despite the lower interest rates there are more sales in execution than ever before. Currently there are approximately 4 500 houses per month which are being sold forcibly through legal channels which includes sales in execution, insolvency sales and bank’s voluntary distressed sales channels. . 2 With the global economic meltdown, retrenchments and unemployment have become more and more of a reality in South Africa. With the increased unemployment levels, bondholders have become more hard-pressed to make payments and this has led to an increase in defaults and consequently repossessions. Other homeowners have tried to sell their properties as they have become more financially strapped. This has resulted in an over supply of properties on the market (a buyers market) and as a result some buyers are able to negotiate more favourable/lower prices on houses. Many buyers are also reluctant to buy because of economic uncertainty. (job loss/retrenchment). Banks stringent lending criteria have also prevented potential buyers from obtaining loans. The net result being that the property market has been severely negatively impacted. 3. The political environment: The change in the political environment in South Africa has also resulted in a change in the real estate industry. Agents had to previously deal with clients from one race group e. g. but with the repealing of the Groups Areas Act we now deal with clients we previously never dealt with i. e. ifferent race groups, ethnicities and nationalities In 20 years, South Africa has achieved many successes, including greater political stability and greater economic freedom. Research Worldwide. com has just published results of its annual survey, which showed that property investments in South Africa showed an actual total return of 15,1% last year. South African commercial real estate outperformed sixteen other major countries. The real estate boom in South Africa and low interest rates continues to encourage homeowners to feel confident and spend buying those houses for sale, farms for sale and commercial property for sale Assignment 1. 3 4. The technological environment: Technology has become an integral part of Real Estate over the past few years. Property software programs have played – and will play an increasingly important role in the future of Real Estate. To remain competitive real estate agencies need to use the latest technology to benefit their business. The real challenge is to find a software application (programme) that supports all facets of the industry, cutting out the need to duplicate day-to-day work. The world wide web enables estate agents to operate globally as properties can be viewed from anywhere in the world. An agent can create a virtual office in his car with a laptop, 3G connection and a cell phone. 5. The competitive environment: The real estate industry has often been perceived as an unprofessional industry because there have been no entry standards for those wishing to join the industry. However, this is changing as all real estate agents are now required to obtain the FETC: Real Estate Level 4 qualification to enable them to practice as agents. This has benefits for both the industry and clients – the industry will have knowledgeable and qualified/professional agents which will enable both buyers and sellers effectively. Qualified agents will be in high demand in the industry. 6. The legal environment 6. 1 Regulations pertaining to property: There are a number of acts that govern property ownership in South Africa: Sectional Titles Act 95 of 1986 Makes it possible for different persons to each own a portion of a building Companies Act 61 of 1973 Share block shares must be transferred in terms of the Companies Act Share Blocks Control Act 59 of 1980 Controls the operation of Share Block schemes Housing Development Schemes for Retired Persons Act 65 of 1988 Regulates the development and alienation (sale or lease) of accommodation in schemes which are â€Å"Housing Development Schemes† as defined by the Act The Estate Agencies Affairs Act 112 of 1976 Safeguards the interests of members of the public in their dealings with Estate Agents The Estate Agencies Affairs Board is a regulatory body established by the above Act. Alienation of Land Act 68 of 1981 How to cite External Factors and the Real Estate, Essay examples

Basic Pharmacology Management

Question: Describe about the Basic Pharmacology? Answer: A person walks into a dark room and kicks a metal chair- the first thought that comes to our mind is that the person is ought to get hurt and the second thought will be is it bleeding or not? It often happens to a person when he or she gets wounded like this the injury may bleed and if not than it may swell up (EBBERT and TANGALOS, 2009). The first and foremost thing that the person should have done is to switch on the lights, if it was not available than the person should have opened the door wide and tried to make out the obstacles from the possible light present. The person should open his eyes wide because entering in the dark room all of a sudden decreases the ability to see and it takes time for the pupil to adjust with the darkness of the room. And thus people tend to hit themselves due to this property of science (Meaney, 2012). Hitting a foot without wearing slippers may turn into severe pain and the person may feel some numbness or sensation of pain (Smith, 2013). So the person should try to sense the things that are or may be placed in the room. He or she should keep steady steps into the room to check for any obstacles. Another phenomenon may occur is a tear rolling out of his eyes. When a person gets a sudden shock tears roll out (Tate and Seeley, 2009). The person did not anticipate that he would hit a chair and thus after the situation occurred he will have some preconceived notion of the injury like if its swollen up or if there is a cut. The hit is a shock for him so he may fall into the ground. After the accident occurred the person should call out for someone who can help him to stand up (if fallen down) or can help him get out of the dark room, because he might be needing help to walk to the other room (Tortora and Grabowski, 2003). Meanwhile the person, if not finding help should continuously press his toe so that it gives comfort to an injury and swelling may be averted. First-aid should immediately arrive because keeping an injury unattended for long may get severe. The first thing that the person should do is try to move his toe to see if there is a fracture or not (Wallace, 2012). In case of fracture immediate x-ray should be done to see the extent of the injury. Ice is the foremost thing that should be applied on the injury to decrease the pain and also the swelling (Ursone, 2010). Acute inflammation may occur with severe pain because it was a metal chair that has hit his toe. After the first-aid is given to the person, he or she should be taken to the doctor nearby because if the pain persists than the area of pain may turn into black due to blood clot. This pain may create problem in future while walking. Apart from application of ice, medicines like painkillers will help to reduce the pain. If there is a cut the person might be prescribed to take a tetanus injection, because the injury was by a metal. Proper dressing should be done so that dirt and other particles do not enter the wounded area creating infection. If there is no injury and mere swell than application of hot water pad is also helpful. Proper rest is mandatory so the swell does not get worse (Kunkel and Miller, 2002). References EBBERT, J. and TANGALOS, E. (2009). Foot Orthotics for Patellofemoral Pain. Internal Medicine News, 42(4), p.32. Kunkel, M. and Miller, S. (2002). Return to work after foot and ankle injury. Foot and Ankle Clinics, 7(2), pp.421-428. Meaney, B. (2012). DIABETIC FOOT CARE: PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE. Journal of Renal Care, 38, pp.90-98. Smith, M. (2013). Penetrating injuries of the foot. Equine Veterinary Education, 25(8), pp.422-431. Tate, P. and Seeley, R. (2009). Seeley's principles of anatomy physiology. Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill. Tortora, G. and Grabowski, S. (2003). Principles of anatomy and physiology. New York: Wiley. Ursone, R. (2010). Unique Complications of Foot and Ankle Injuries Secondary toWarfare. Foot and Ankle Clinics, 15(1), pp.201-208. Wallace, G. (2012). The FootSpecial section. The Foot, 22(3), p.111.

Pressure Essays - State Functions, Thermodynamic Properties

Pressure Aim: To find out the effect of temperature on the pressure of air. Apparatus: 400ml beaker Bunsen burner Data Logger Pressure sensor Temperature probe Round bottom flask Connecting leads Tripod Gauze Plastic tubing Clamp stand Heatproof mat Water Diagram: Method: 1. Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram. 1. Next, take the readings of the pressure and temperature at intervals of 5C, ending the experiment at 90C. 3. Repeat the experiment three times for a good average. 4. Record all results in the data logger and transfer them to a computer. Safety: Wear goggles Tie hair back Tie all loose clothing Handle all glass with care Avoid putting wires near the flames Do not spill water; this will make the surface slippery Fair Test: Use the same equipment for each trial Have the same time interval in each trial Make sure the same amount of water is used in each trial Make sure the flask is put into the beaker at the same depth Use the same size beaker in each trial Try to keep the flame the same in each trial Prediction: Particles of air are constantly moving around at different speeds. If the air is trapped inside a container, (e.g. a flask like the one used in this experiment) then the particles will hit the inside walls of the container with enough force to create pressure. Sometimes the particles move around fast. This means they have more kinetic energy. They may have more kinetic energy, because the air may be being heated or perhaps the air is more concentrated. However, if the air particles have more kinetic energy, they will hit the container walls with a larger, stronger force. This then creates more pressure, which is detected by the pressure sensor. (Physics, Tom Duncan, Pages 158-159) When the air contained in the flask, is heated, the temperature rises and the molecules gain more kinetic energy. This means the particles move around faster, causing the average pressure to increase. (GCSE Physics, Foulds, Page 158) In this experiment, we kept the volume of air constant, while the temperature is changed. The three pressure laws, one of which states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. Can be written as P T Where P is Pressure in KPascals and T is Temperature in Kelvins. This must mean that if the temperature is doubled, the pressure will also double. If the temperature is halved, the pressure will also be halved. The reason why this happens is because at a higher temperature the gas particles have more kinetic energy and hit the container walls harder which results in more pressure. Example: If the temperature is 25C (298K) and the pressure is 1.0 KPa, then doubling the temperature to 50C (323K) should double the pressure to 2.0 KPa. If the temperature is 25C (298K) and the pressure is 1.0 KPa, then trebling the temperature to 75C (348K) should treble the pressure to 3.0 KPa. If this knowledge is put into a graph, where the average pressure in KPascals is plotted against the Temperature in Kelvins, I should get a graph which looks like this: - The graph shows the directly proportional relationship between pressure (KPa) and temperature (Kelvins). With my results from the experiment, I will draw and plot an accurate graph like the one above. Results: Tempe-rature (C) Pressure (KPa) Average Temperatur-e in Kelvins Average pressure in KPa (2d.p) Trial One Trial Two Trial Three 25 0.4 0.7 2.0 298 0.4+0.7+2.0 3 30 1.9 2.2 5.4 303 3.2 35 4.1 4.0 8.1 308 5.4 40 5.8 5.7 11.2 313 7.6 45 7.4 7.2 15.0 318 9.9 50 9.6 8.8 18.7 323 12.4 55 10.5 10.3 22.7 328 14.5 60 12.4 11.8 27.3 333 17.2 65 13.7 13.2 31.2 338 19.4 70 15.1 14.5 33.6 343 21.1 75 16.6 15.8 35.7 348 22.7 80 17.9 17.0 38.7 353 24.5 85 19.3 17.8 43.6 358 26.9 90 20.5 18.6 46.1 363 28.4 Analysis (continued): From my results and graph, I have found out that as the temperature increases, the pressure also increases. (School Notes, Plashet School) To prove this using my graph, I will quote five values for temperature and pressure, from my graph. Temperature (Kelvins) Pressure (KPascals) 303 3.2 328 14.5 348 22.7 363 28.4 This table clearly shows that as the temperature increases, the pressure increases too. Increasing the temperature by ten Kelvins, i.e. from 303K to 313K, the new pressure is increased by a factor

A Brief History of Prosthetics

A Brief History of Prosthetics The history of prosthetics and amputation surgery begins at the very dawning of human medicine. In the three great western civilizations of Egypt, Greece and Rome, the first true rehabilitation aids recognized as prostheses were made. Early use of prosthetics goes back to at least the fifth Egyptian Dynasty that reigned between 2750 to 2625 B.C. The oldest known splint was unearthed by archaeologists from that period. But the earliest known written reference to an artificial limb was made around 500 B.C. During the time, Herodotus wrote of a prisoner who escaped from his chains by cutting off his foot, which he later replaced with a wooden substitute. An artificial limb dating from 300 B.C., was a copper and wood leg that was unearthed at Capri, Italy in 1858. In 1529, French surgeon  Ambroise Pare  (1510-1590) introduced amputation as a lifesaving measure in medicine. Soon after, Pare started developing prosthetic limbs in a scientific manner. And in 1863, Dubois L Parmelee of New York City made a significant improvement to the attachment of artificial limbs by fastening a body socket to the limb with atmospheric pressure. While he was not the first person to do so, he was the first to make it practical enough to be used in medical practices. In 1898, a doctor named Vanghetti came up with an artificial limb that could move through muscle contraction. It wasn’t until the middle of the 20th century that major advancements were made in the attachment of lower limbs. In 1945, the National Academy of Sciences established the Artificial Limb Program as a way to improve the quality of life of World War II veterans who suffered the lost of limbs in combat. A year later, researchers at the University of California at Berkeley developed a suction sock for the above-knee prosthesis. Fast forward to 1975 and  the year an inventor named Ysidro M. Martinez took things a major step further by creating a below-the-knee prosthesis that avoided some of the problems associated with conventional artificial limbs. Instead of replicating the natural limb with articulated joints in the ankle or foot which tended to lead to poor gait, Martinez, an amputee himself, took a theoretical approach in his design. His prosthesis relies on a high center of mass and is light in weight to facilitate acceleration and deceleration and reduce friction. The foot is also considerably shorter to control acceleration forces, further reducing the friction and pressure. New advances to keep an eye involve the growing use of 3-D printing, which has allowed for the fast, precise manufacturing of artificial limbs that traditionally have been custom-built by hand. The U.S. government’s National Institutes of Health has recently established the 3D Print Exchange program as a way to provide researchers and students with the necessary modeling and software tools to fabricate prosthetics using 3D printing machines.   But beyond prosthetic limbs, here’s another fun fact: Pare could also have laid claim to be the father of facial prosthetics, making artificial eyes from enameled gold, silver, porcelain and glass. Thats your fun fact of the day

Corn as biofuel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corn as biofuel - Research Paper Example Courting this scenario an alternative source of energy is in its utmost need. At this background a series of alternative sources of energy such as solar energy, hydro electric energy, and atomic energy all made their entrance on the discussion table. However the most new form of alternative might be the bio fuel that nowadays has gathered much interest of the scientists. Among the bio fuels, Jatropha, Pongamia are some very common names, but the recent emergence of corn as a vital source of bio fuel and there by a source of energy might be nothing short of path breaking. However before moving into details regarding the corn fuel it would be wise to consider some associated points before hand. Crude Oil & USA United States of America is the largest consumer of crude oil and the third largest producer. In statistical terms USA produces around 10% of the global crude oil and consumes 24% of the same. Furthermore in order to keep its existence in export market the country indulges in exp orting 1.4 million barrels of crude oil per day. A careful consideration of this situation clearly indicates a demand supple gap that needs to be filled with import of crude oil. It has been estimated that USA in the year 2007 imported 12MMBD that is in terms of percentage 58% of the total domestic demand (Energy Information Center 2008). Dependency of USA in terms of crude oil on other countries and overseas Among the total import of crude oil the Western Hemisphere constitutes 51% of the total import. Canada, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Mexico and Nigeria are other oil exporting countries in USA in exact order. The following table depicts the dependence of USA in terms of crude oil import based on 2007 data. Name of the Country Percentage of Crude oil exported to USA Western Hemisphere (North, South, Central America along with parts of USA in Caribbean) 51% Canada 23.3% Venezuela 10.7% Saudi Arabia 10.4% Mexico 9.2% Nigeria 8.3% Source: Energy Information Association, 2008 Rickman, 2 009 Alarming news is that this dependency without being reduced over the time is actually increasing and statistics reveals that import of crude oil has actually increased by 0.183 MMBD in August 2008 over the previous month. It should also be kept in mind that countries like Iraq, Brazil, Angola and Kuwait are kept aside of the above table who contributes at substantial level to the USA oil import. (Energy Information Center, n.d.; Energy Information Center 2008) Why should we look at alternative fuels? As mentioned earlier that fossil fuel is limited in availability and it is constantly depleting, at this rate either coal or crude oil can not sustain as the prime form of global energy source beyond 2025 to 2035. Humanity is in search for some alternatives that can be used and re used time and again as a source of energy or at least can be produced at one’s free will. The trade partners of USA in Crude oil and their unfriendly behaviour USA shares a hostile relation apart fr om Saudi Arabia and partially with Kuwait among al the Middle East countries. Among them Iraq and Iran are USA’s arch enemies. Saudi’s oil reserve is depleting and it can not hold for long its position as an important oil exporting country. Kuwaiti oil wells were set in fire long back during the Iraq-Kuwait war and that had eroded the country of the prime position it used to enjoy as oil enriched country. Again historically Middle East is an area that has